Software Development

#10: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-10T22:14:28Z (about 2 years ago)
ffix

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After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have a few more that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
It's more readable at call site (due to alignment) when the `past_end` pointer is the second parameter to the function.
So, I tweaked it to have the following definition:
```c
char *
~~stpecpy(char *dst, char past_end[0],~~
~~const char *restrict src)~~
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " world");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " foo");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " baar");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "H");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "W");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have a few more that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
It's more readable at call site (due to alignment) when the `past_end` pointer is the second parameter to the function.
So, I tweaked it to have the following definition:
```c
char *
stpecpy(char *dst, char past_end[0], const char *restrict src)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " world");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " foo");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " baar");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "H");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "W");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

#9: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-10T22:13:06Z (about 2 years ago)
reorder params

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After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
~~I have one more that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:~~
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked it to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
~~stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,~~
~~const char *_Nonnull restrict src,~~
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);~~
~~len = p - buf;~~
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", past_end), "", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", past_end), "", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have a few more that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
It's more readable at call site (due to alignment) when the `past_end` pointer is the second parameter to the function.
So, I tweaked it to have the following definition:
```c
char *
stpecpy(char *dst, char past_end[0],
const char *restrict src)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " world");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " foo");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "Hello");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, " baar");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = buf;
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "H");
p = stpecpy(p, past_end, "W");
if (p == past_end) {
p--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
len = p - buf;
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

#8: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-06T01:26:18Z (about 2 years ago)
revert last change. ***cat() functions have the common meaning of appending after finding a NUL; this one doesn't.

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After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
~~I have a couple that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:~~
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
~~And, strlcpy(3) is fine for copying; this function only improves the status quo for concatenating, so it's better to name it appropriately: `stpecat()`.~~
So, I tweaked it to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
~~stpecat(char *_Nonnull dst,~~
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
~~The name of the function st**pe**cat() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.~~
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
~~p = stpecat(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecat(stpecat(stpecat(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", past_end), "", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecat(stpecat(stpecat(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", past_end), "", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecat(stpecat(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one more that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked it to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

#7: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-06T00:03:53Z (about 2 years ago)
Rename to stpecat()

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After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
~~I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:~~
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
~~stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,~~
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
~~The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.~~
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", past_end), "", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", past_end), "", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have a couple that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
And, strlcpy(3) is fine for copying; this function only improves the status quo for concatenating, so it's better to name it appropriately: `stpecat()`.
So, I tweaked it to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecat(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cat() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecat(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecat(stpecat(stpecat(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecat(stpecat(stpecat(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecat(stpecat(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

#6: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-01T17:39:02Z (about 2 years ago)

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After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```
Which prints:
```c
$ ./a.out
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello wor
9: Hello foo
Following string is truncated.
9: Hello baa
2: HW
```

#5: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-01T17:35:26Z (about 2 years ago)

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After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", end), "", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
~~p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", end), "", past_end);~~
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", past_end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

#4: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-01T17:29:14Z (about 2 years ago)

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Markdown

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
~~To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is nicer as a sentinel.~~
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte on success, or one-past-the-array on truncation. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is simpler to get for users.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

#3: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-01T17:28:14Z (about 2 years ago)

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Markdown

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
To be clear, the return pointer is still the same: the pointer to the NUL byte. It's only the last parameter that has changed to be a pointer one-past-the-array, which is nicer as a sentinel.
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

#2: Post edited by

alx‭ · 2022-12-01T17:26:22Z (about 2 years ago)

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Markdown

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
~~char *past_end;~~
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
len = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end) - buf;
~~if (len == size) {~~
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
len = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", end), "", past_end) - buf;
~~if (len == size) {~~
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
len = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", end), "", past_end) - buf;
~~if (len == size) {~~
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
len = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end) - buf;
~~if (len == size) {~~
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:
- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements
I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:
Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`). That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.
So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:
```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
char *p;
if (dst == past_end)
return past_end;
p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
if (p != NULL)
return p - 1;
/* truncation detected */
past_end[-1] = '\0';
return past_end;
}
```
The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.
Now the use is slightly simpler:
```c
int
main(void)
{
ptrdiff_t size = 10;
char buf[size];
char *past_end, *p;
ptrdiff_t len;
past_end = &buf[size];
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", end), "", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
p = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end);
len = p - buf;
if (p == past_end) {
len--;
puts("Following string is truncated.");
}
printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

#1: Initial revision by

alx‭ · 2022-12-01T17:20:10Z (about 2 years ago)

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After addressing @Lundin 's suggestions:

- Implemented in terms of libc functions for performance.
- const correctness
- style improvements

I have one that I realized after trying to replace some existing code:

Much code out there has `char *end = buf + nitems(buf);` (although that should really be called `past_end`).  That's certainly easier to calculate than the real `end` that I used here, since you don't need to stick that `-1` all around, and therefore has less chance of an accident.

So, I tweaked `stpecpy()` to have the following definition:

```c
char *_Nonnull
stpecpy(char *_Nonnull dst,
        const char *_Nonnull restrict src,
        char *_Nonnull past_end)
{
	char *p;

	if (dst == past_end)
		return past_end;

	p = memccpy(dst, src, '\0', past_end - dst);
	if (p != NULL)
		return p - 1;

	/* truncation detected */
	past_end[-1] = '\0';
	return past_end;
}
```

The name of the function st**pe**cpy() seems to also have nice mnemonics for `past_end`.

Now the use is slightly simpler:

```c
int
main(void)
{
	ptrdiff_t  size = 10;
	char       buf[size];
	char      *past_end;
	ptrdiff_t  len;

	past_end = &buf[size];

	len = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " world", past_end) - buf;
	if (len == size) {
		len--;
		puts("Following string is truncated.");
	}
	printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);

	len = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " foo", end), "", past_end) - buf;
	if (len == size) {
		len--;
		puts("Following string is truncated.");
	}
	printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);

	len = stpecpy(stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "Hello", past_end), " baar", end), "", past_end) - buf;
	if (len == size) {
		len--;
		puts("Following string is truncated.");
	}
	printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);

	len = stpecpy(stpecpy(buf, "H", past_end), "W", past_end) - buf;
	if (len == size) {
		len--;
		puts("Following string is truncated.");
	}
	printf("%ti: %s\n", len, buf);
}
```

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