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If I run ls() in R, it shows the variables (including functions) in my workspace. But there are other variables visible too, e.g. functions from packages like ls itself. And if I write a function...
#1: Initial revision
by
djm
·
2023-10-01T18:40:06Z (about 1 year ago)
How does scoping work in R?
If I run `ls()` in R, it shows the variables (including functions) in my workspace. But there are other variables visible too, e.g. functions from packages like `ls` itself. And if I write a function myself, all of those are still visible as well as local variables from that function, but not variables in other functions. For example,
``` r
a <- 1
f <- function() {
b <- 2
print(a)
print(b)
}
g <- function() {
print(a)
print(b)
}
ls()
#> [1] "a" "f" "g"
f()
#> [1] 1
#> [1] 2
g()
#> [1] 1
#> Error in g(): object 'b' not found
```
<sup>Created on 2023-10-01 with [reprex v2.0.2](https://reprex.tidyverse.org)</sup>
What are the actual rules for scoping?