That's an interesting topic so there goes my upvote. I would suggest to edit the tittle to "What is the latest and efficient way to create a login page in Java?"

The backend should create a salted hash of the password, it should not store the password itself. For calculating the salted hash, use existing software or what is built-in in the available Java API's. Writing cryptographic code is notoriously difficult and error-prone.

This is an interesting question, but it is quite broad. We encourage people to search a bit for possible solutions and ask more specific questions in our community. Please take a look at How to ask a great question.

@Alexei At the current stage of CoDidact, I don't think this is too broad. Even "that other Q&A site" had a canonical Q&A about building a login page. I hope questions like these will attract more users to our community. As an alternative to a question, we could have an article on the subject of doing a login page right.

@FractionalRadix I agree to keep this type of question at the current stage. However, one non-technical reason (e.g. too broad) IMO is that for a developer it is far more useful to try and error and ask focused questions than having a general question with some answer(s). It involves much more effort, but it also means a better understanding of the concepts.